STM32: Difference between revisions

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   |Picture=HTB1PemDJpXXXXXHXpXXq6xXFXXXM.jpg
   |Picture=HTB1PemDJpXXXXXHXpXXq6xXFXXXM.jpg
   |Omschrijving=STM32 setup guide
   |Omschrijving=STM32 setup guide
   |Status=In progress
   |Status=Completed
   |Contact=bertrik
   |Contact=bertrik
   }}
   }}
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[http://www.oddwires.com/blog/using-a-generic-stm32-board-with-arduino Another, very similar, guide to getting started with STM32 and Arduino].
[http://www.oddwires.com/blog/using-a-generic-stm32-board-with-arduino Another, very similar, guide to getting started with STM32 and Arduino].
There are several ways to program an STM32:
* serial: using a built-in serial port bootloader, you need a USB-serial converter for this and you need to move some jumpers each time
* stlink: using an ST-LINK programmer and 4 wires, clones can be found very cheaply on AliExpress (about E2,-)
* stm32duino USB bootloader: after installing the bootloader once (using the serial method), you can rewrite a new program over USB, you just need a USB micro cable
I like the STM32duino bootloader method.
This way, you need to wire up a USB/serial conversion board and set/reset jumpers only once for bootloader installation and from that point on you can program the board over USB.


== Setting up the tool chain ==
== Setting up the tool chain ==
Line 33: Line 41:


=== Linux specific ===
=== Linux specific ===
Some things I suspect may make things more smooth:
Some things you need to do on a system level:
* uninstall the 'modemmanager' package, it suspect it interferes with the serial port device created by the bootloader
* the usual stuff to add your user to the 'dialout' group so you have permission to access the serial port (log out and log in after this)
   sudo apt-get autoremove modemmanager
  sudo adduser <username> dialout
* uninstall the 'modemmanager' package, it interferes with the serial port device created by the STM32duino bootloader
   sudo apt autoremove modemmanager
* install the 32-bit libraries if you're on a 64-bit OS but using the 32-bit binaries (stmflash etc.)
  sudo apt install libc6-i386


=== Arduino IDE ===
=== Arduino IDE ===
Line 56: Line 68:


=== Platform IO ===
=== Platform IO ===
Platformio allows you to build/upload/monitor Arduino programs without using the Arduino IDE (and more).
All settings (which target, which libraries, etc) are stored in a platformio.ini file (instead of existing only as selections in the Arduino IDE).
Below is an example platformio configuration for a blue pill with the USB bootloader.
Below is an example platformio configuration for a blue pill with the USB bootloader.
Save this to a file named platformio.ini in the directory where the .ino file is, and run it with 'pio run'.
Save this to a file named platformio.ini in the directory where the .ino file is.
You can build the binary with 'pio run', upload it with 'pio run -t upload' and interact with your sketch over the serial port with 'pio device monitor'.


<pre>
<pre>
Line 63: Line 79:
src_dir = .
src_dir = .


[env:bluepill_f103c8]
[env:default]
platform = ststm32
platform = ststm32
board = bluepill_f103c8
board = genericSTM32F103C8
framework = arduino
framework = arduino
upload_protocol = dfu
upload_protocol = dfu
</pre>
</pre>


=== stm32flash ===
Note: don't use 'bluepill_f103c8' as board, it is not compatible with the stm32duino bootloader!
If you're running a 64-bit Linux, it can be convenient to add support for the 32-bit stm32flash utility, run:
<pre>
sudo apt-get install libc6-i386
</pre>
 
The tool chain installation should now be ready.


== Hardware ==
== Hardware ==
[[File:bluepill_pinout.png|right|800px]]
[[File:bluepill_pinout.png|right|thumb]]


The hardware I'm using, is the [http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Blue_Pill blue pill], I soldered on the headers for easy plugging with dupont-wire.
The hardware I'm using, is the [http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Blue_Pill blue pill], I soldered on the headers for easy plugging with dupont-wire.
You'll also need a USB-serial converter.


I hooked it up as follows:
=== Pinout LQFP48 ===
[[File:stm32_lqfp48_pinout.png|right|thumb]]
[http://www.olliw.eu/ OlliW] made a nice pinout diagram of the STM32 in the LQFP48 package, which I'm reproducing here (converted from JPG to PNG).
 
=== Flashing the USB bootloader ===
The USB bootloader makes it easy/fast to upload new software into the board over USB.
 
You need a USB-serial converter for this.
 
Wire it up as follows:
* converter 5V -> board 5V
* converter 5V -> board 5V
* converter GND -> board GND
* converter GND -> board GND
Line 90: Line 108:
* converter TXD -> board A10
* converter TXD -> board A10


To put the board into programming mode, set the BOOT0 jumper to the "1" position and the BOOT1 jumper to the "0" position, then push the reset button.


To just run the program that was last flashed into the board, set both the BOOT0 and the BOOT1 jumper to the "0" position.
For the blue pill the steps to install the bootloader are as follows:
* clone the git archive containing the STM32 bootloaders:
  git clone https://github.com/rogerclarkmelbourne/STM32duino-bootloader
* cd into the directory Arduino_STM32/tools/linux/stm32flash
* set the BOOT0 jumper to the "1" position and the BOOT1 jumper to the "0" position, then push the reset button.
* disable the flash-read protection:
  ./stm32flash /dev/ttyUSB0 -k
* flash the bootloader:
  ./stm32flash -w ~/code/stm32/STM32duino-bootloader/binaries/generic_boot20_pc13.bin -v -g 0x0 /dev/ttyUSB0
* return both BOOT jumpers to the "0" position.


== Software ==
== Software ==
To load your application using the Arduino IDE:
To load your application using the Arduino IDE:
* in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Board, select "Generic STM32F103C Series"
* in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Board, select "Generic STM32F103C Series"
* in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Upload Method, select "Serial"
* in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Upload Method, select "STM32duino bootloader"
* use the following program to blink the on-board LED:
* use the following program to blink the on-board LED:
<pre>
<pre>
Line 113: Line 139:
}
}
</pre>
</pre>
* make sure you have the BOOT jumpers in the right position and press the reset button (BOOT0->1, BOOT1->0)
* ctrl-U to upload it to the board, the program will start automatically
* ctrl-U to upload it to the board, the program will start automatically
* to make the program run after each reboot, place the BOOT0 jumper back to its original position.


The Arduino console should show something like this:
=== A/D converter ===
<pre>
STM32 has built-in A/D converters, but how can you effectively use them?
Sketch uses 7,140 bytes (5%) of program storage space. Maximum is 131,072 bytes.
Global variables use 1,984 bytes of dynamic memory.
/home/bertrik/Arduino/hardware/Arduino_STM32/tools/linux/serial_upload ttyUSB0 {upload.altID} {upload.usbID} /tmp/arduino_build_33274/stm32.ino.bin
stm32flash Arduino_STM32_0.9
 
http://github.com/rogerclarkmelbourne/arduino_stm32
 
Using Parser : Raw BINARY
Interface serial_posix: 230400 8E1
Version      : 0x22
Option 1    : 0x00
Option 2    : 0x00
Device ID    : 0x0410 (Medium-density)
- RAM        : 20KiB  (512b reserved by bootloader)
- Flash      : 128KiB (sector size: 4x1024)
- Option RAM : 16b
- System RAM : 2KiB
Write to memory
Erasing memory
 
Wrote address 0x08000100 (3.59%)
Wrote address 0x08000200 (7.17%)
...
Wrote address 0x08001be4 (100.00%) Done.
 
Starting execution at address 0x08000000... done.
</pre>
 
=== Unlocking/erasing the first time ===
You might find that the flash is protected on a new board, this means you cannot put your own program on the board.
You can fix this as follows:
* go the stm32flash directory
<pre>cd ~/Arduino/hardware/Arduino_STM32/tools/linux/stm32flash</pre>
* use the stm32flash utility to disable the flash-read protection
<pre>./stm32flash /dev/ttyUSB0 -k</pre>
 
=== Flashing the USB bootloader ===
The USB bootloader makes it easy/fast to upload new software into the board without having the move the jumpers.


For the blue pill the steps to install the bootloader are as follows:
Useful references:
* cd into the directory Arduino_STM32/tools/linux/stm32flash
* ~/.platformio/packages/framework-arduinoststm32-maple/STM32F1/libraries/STM32ADC/src is a kind of wrapper around utility/util_adc.h
  ./stm32flash -w ~/code/stm32/STM32duino-bootloader/binaries/generic_boot20_pc13.bin -v -g 0x0 /dev/ttyUSB0
* https://deepbluembedded.com/stm32-adc-tutorial-complete-guide-with-examples/


= Future work =
= Future work =

Latest revision as of 12:01, 18 December 2022

Project STM32
HTB1PemDJpXXXXXHXpXXq6xXFXXXM.jpg
STM32 setup guide
Status Completed
Contact bertrik
Last Update 2022-12-18

Introduction

Bluepill.jpg

This page is about inexpensive microcontroller boards containing an STM32 processor and how to get them to work.

You can find these boards on AliExpress for less than €2,- if you search for "stm32f103c8t6". Yet they have nice specifications, see also http://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers/stm32f103c8.html

To name a few:

  • 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 processor running at up to 72 MHz
  • 128 kB flash memory, 20 kB SRAM
  • USB and CAN controllers
  • 32 kHz crystal for RTC
  • dual 1 us A/D converter, DMA controller
  • the usual stuff like SPI, UART, I2C

They are even Arduino compatible, see:

Another, very similar, guide to getting started with STM32 and Arduino.

There are several ways to program an STM32:

  • serial: using a built-in serial port bootloader, you need a USB-serial converter for this and you need to move some jumpers each time
  • stlink: using an ST-LINK programmer and 4 wires, clones can be found very cheaply on AliExpress (about E2,-)
  • stm32duino USB bootloader: after installing the bootloader once (using the serial method), you can rewrite a new program over USB, you just need a USB micro cable

I like the STM32duino bootloader method. This way, you need to wire up a USB/serial conversion board and set/reset jumpers only once for bootloader installation and from that point on you can program the board over USB.

Setting up the tool chain

This describes the steps I did to get a "blue pill" board to work on Debian Jessie.

Linux specific

Some things you need to do on a system level:

  • the usual stuff to add your user to the 'dialout' group so you have permission to access the serial port (log out and log in after this)
 sudo adduser <username> dialout
  • uninstall the 'modemmanager' package, it interferes with the serial port device created by the STM32duino bootloader
 sudo apt autoremove modemmanager
  • install the 32-bit libraries if you're on a 64-bit OS but using the 32-bit binaries (stmflash etc.)
 sudo apt install libc6-i386

Arduino IDE

Steps to set up the IDE:

  • get and install the latest Arduino IDE from here.
  • under menu Tools / Board / Board Manager, search for "zero" and install the Arduino Zero toolchain
  • get the Arduino_STM32 source code, for example, run in the console:
cd ~/code
mkdir stm32
cd stm32
git clone https://github.com/rogerclarkmelbourne/Arduino_STM32
  • create a symlink to the Arduino_STM32 source tree in your ~/Arduino/hardware directory, for example:
cd ~/Arduino/hardware
ln -s ~/code/stm32/Arduino_STM32 .
  • restart the Arduino IDE.

Platform IO

Platformio allows you to build/upload/monitor Arduino programs without using the Arduino IDE (and more). All settings (which target, which libraries, etc) are stored in a platformio.ini file (instead of existing only as selections in the Arduino IDE).

Below is an example platformio configuration for a blue pill with the USB bootloader. Save this to a file named platformio.ini in the directory where the .ino file is. You can build the binary with 'pio run', upload it with 'pio run -t upload' and interact with your sketch over the serial port with 'pio device monitor'.

[platformio]
src_dir = .

[env:default]
platform = ststm32
board = genericSTM32F103C8
framework = arduino
upload_protocol = dfu

Note: don't use 'bluepill_f103c8' as board, it is not compatible with the stm32duino bootloader!

Hardware

Bluepill pinout.png

The hardware I'm using, is the blue pill, I soldered on the headers for easy plugging with dupont-wire.

Pinout LQFP48

Stm32 lqfp48 pinout.png

OlliW made a nice pinout diagram of the STM32 in the LQFP48 package, which I'm reproducing here (converted from JPG to PNG).

Flashing the USB bootloader

The USB bootloader makes it easy/fast to upload new software into the board over USB.

You need a USB-serial converter for this.

Wire it up as follows:

  • converter 5V -> board 5V
  • converter GND -> board GND
  • converter RXD -> board A9
  • converter TXD -> board A10


For the blue pill the steps to install the bootloader are as follows:

  • clone the git archive containing the STM32 bootloaders:
 git clone https://github.com/rogerclarkmelbourne/STM32duino-bootloader
  • cd into the directory Arduino_STM32/tools/linux/stm32flash
  • set the BOOT0 jumper to the "1" position and the BOOT1 jumper to the "0" position, then push the reset button.
  • disable the flash-read protection:
 ./stm32flash /dev/ttyUSB0 -k
  • flash the bootloader:
 ./stm32flash -w ~/code/stm32/STM32duino-bootloader/binaries/generic_boot20_pc13.bin -v -g 0x0 /dev/ttyUSB0
  • return both BOOT jumpers to the "0" position.

Software

To load your application using the Arduino IDE:

  • in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Board, select "Generic STM32F103C Series"
  • in the Arduino IDE, under menu Tools / Upload Method, select "STM32duino bootloader"
  • use the following program to blink the on-board LED:
#define pinLED PC13

void setup() {
  pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW);
  delay(100);
}
  • ctrl-U to upload it to the board, the program will start automatically

A/D converter

STM32 has built-in A/D converters, but how can you effectively use them?

Useful references:

Future work

Actually build something with an STM32!

Ideas:

  • a LoRaWAN node for The-Things-Network
  • a bat call recorder, this thing is faster and has more memory than the LPC2148 in my previous bat call recorder prototype

Investigate the Blackmagic debugging firmware. This should allow you to debug your applications (e.g. step through code in an IDE such as eclipse). See also: